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IMPACTT Newsletter | June 2020
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Dear microbioxme community,
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In this June edition of our IMPACTT's Newsletter, you will find “impactt-ful” findings with a focus on the importance of our diet on our microbes and health. You will also find ongoing microbiome research across Canada and the globe. Find new methods for microbiome data, microbiome-related events and more. Take a peak and contact us if you would like to share something with us in this newsletter.
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Scientific breakthroughs
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Fungi matters
Using germ-free mice colonized with defined species of bacteria, fungi, or both, the authors demonstrate a role for fungi in microbial ecology and host immune functionality. Learn more about the story "behind the paper" by Dr. Arrieta.
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Profiling the mycobiota in milk from 271 mothers from the CHILD birth cohort, the authors assessed the diversity of fungi in human milk. Their results provide evidence of various host-environment interactions in fungal inoculation and highlight the need for more research to assess the health impact of the milk microbiota in its entirety, which both bacterial and fungal components.
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Cohort studies, our diet counts
Examining the 16S rRNA of fecal samples from 50 adults enrolled in a dietary trial, the authors observed the effect of low- and moderate-dose fiber-containing snack bars on gut microbiota in healthy adults. Their results suggest that addition of inuline type-fructans to food products could help reduce the dietary fiber gap prevalent in modern life that addition of inulin-type fructans to snack-bar. This trial is registered.
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Analyzing 16S rRNA, SCFAs and calprotectin of fecal samples of forty outpatients with quiescent CD enrolled in a 12-weeks dietary program, the authors demonstrate that diet is important in shaping the microbial dysbiosis signature in Crohn's Disease towards a balanced community.
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Fifty-eight patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were included in a 4-week intervention to test the effect of human milk oligosaccharides on gut microbiota. Monitoring gastrointestinal symptom and fecal microbiota composition, the results of this phase II trial suggest that human milk oligosaccharides may be a worthwhile approach to modulate gut microbiota of IBS patients toward a healthier profile.
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Reviews about diet
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Discussing the findings of Di Luccia et al. and Huus et al., the authors highlight the impact of nutrition on IgA responses to the microbiota and oral vaccines.
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Providing an overview of some key factors implicated in the progression of malnutrition, Dr. Kozyrskyj and colleagues discuss the microbiota during early-life that may contribute to health risk later in life. This review highlights the necessity of understanding diet-microbe-host interactions to help provide better strategies during gestation and early life to promote health later in life.
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New tools for microbiome data
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Bioinformatics
A collaboration between the Canadian Langille research team and US colleagues. PICRUSt2 is an updated version of PICRUSt used to predict the functional potential of a bacterial community on the basis of marker gene sequencing profiles.
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Conducting extensive simulations and gut microbiome data applications, the authors demonstrate the performance of their empirical Bayes method over other normalization methods, and commonly-used methods for differential abundance testing.
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Methods to reduce contamination by host DNA sequences
Microbiome Digest. Dr. Bik's Picks
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Dr. Bik renowned microbiologist, notably for her work detecting photo manipulation in scientific publications is proposing two studies using "creative techniques to reduce contamination by host DNA sequence"
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*CanCOGen aims to nationally coordinate and expand viral and host genome sequencing activities for COVID-19, and interface with international sequencing networks in the UK and the US (among others) to inform public health decisions and improve patient outcomes.
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Our microbiome and SARS-CoV-2
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In these reviews, the authors highlight evidence for the roles of our gut-microbiota in our susceptibility to infection and looking at the landscape of the most affected population. They present a rationale to explore effective intervention strategies based on dietary and microbiome modifications to mitigate the mortality and morbidity rates of COVID-19.
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Thinking about germ-free or gnotobiotic mouse models ?
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We have proven experience in rederiving mouse models to germ-free and/ gnotobiotic status. If you are thinking about using such models but need your model to be rederived or if you need assistance in selecting a model to be rederived, contact us.
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Resources - The Microbiome Goes Public
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The Scientist is an online magazine covering a wide range of life-sciences topics including the microbiome. Written by scientists and professional journalists with a scientific background, articles in The Scientist are concise, accurate, accessible, and entertaining.
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The Conversation is an independent source of news and views, from the academic and research community, delivered directly to the public. A team of professional editors works with experts to unlock their knowledge for use by the wider public.
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Feel like sharing a story - Contact the magazines
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Upcoming events
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Don't miss the celebration of our Microbes on June 27th, 2020!
You can register to organize an online event here.
Online list of microbiome-related events
Additional highlighted events
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Don't miss the celebration of our Microbes on June 27th, 2020!
You can register to organize an online event here.
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Thank you all for your interest and involvement in building a more connected and knowledgeable microbiome community!
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